Roots of the Texas Judiciary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Roots of the Texas Judiciary - Essay Example For the elections of the district judges and the Chief Justice, the two houses of Congress conducted a joint ballot. For lower court judges, their elections were conducted through a popular vote. County courts for each county were also established. This judicial structure was retained for the 1845 to 1869 constitutions (Womack, tshaonline.org). In 1845 however, Supreme Court district judges’ roles were discarded and consequently replaced by two associate justices (Womack, tshaonline.org). Another change was in 1850 when the positions of Supreme Court Justices and district judges were made elective; potential candidates for these positions were previously appointed by the governor with the authorization of the Senate (Womack, tshaonline.org). The appellate court of last resort-the court of appeals was formed after the constitution of 1876 (Womack, tshaonline.org). The court was given authorization of appeals in criminal, county court and probate cases. In addition, the Supreme Court neither had the ability nor the will to review the court of Appeals decisions. However, the full intention of the court of appeal was to decide the civil appeal from the district courts by abandoning the supreme courts, but unfortunately, the Court of Appeal did not succeed in its mission leading to the deterioration of the Supreme Court’s work. According to Womack, the second plan to relieve the supreme court was through the establishment of an intermediate level of appeals for cases that were civil in nature, which became possible when the Constitution was amended in 1891 (tshaonline.org). With time, the number of cases in need of attention by the courts increase and this led to an increased in the number of judges to nine by 1978 (Womack, tshaonline.org).

What is RFID technology In what ways can it improve supply chain Essay

What is RFID technology In what ways can it improve supply chain functioning - Essay Example This paper discusses one of the most efficient and trusted method of ensuring inventory efficiency is attained, the use of Radio Frequency Identification. The supply chain Radio Frequency Identification, abbreviated as RFID, is a technology used by some retailers and wholesalers to track goods along the supply chain (Millsap para. 4). This method employs the use of concealed RFID tags made by joining radio antennas with microchips. The tags can store up to two kilobytes of information. In the tag memory, information such as the product identification, price of the item, and its manufacture date is stored. The RFID tags are then attached on individual products or the packaging where they are read by a reader collecting information about the product and then transferring it to a computer system. With the use of RFID, companies can increase their efficiency of the global supply chain management through the visibility they devices offer on the demand of the products and ordering decision of customers. The RFID tags are effective in decreasing the Bullwhip effects. Since ordering and sales are closely related, companies can make proper decisions through Just in Time (JIT) information received from the tags and can, therefore, decrease effects of inefficient handling and making improper inventory decisions (Millsap para. 1). Although there have been ethical issues raised in regard to the tags, it is evident that they are very helpful in the supply

Hakim's Preference Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hakim's Preference Theory - Essay Example She describes women into three groups of which only a minority is focused on having a professional career. She estimates that this minority stands somewhere between a tenth to the third of all the women in the workforce. A similar number of women are focused on their families and give preference to their children and their homes over their work (Jenkins, 2004). The remaining majority which could be anywhere from half the women in the workforce to 80% of women in the workforce try to adapt their work to their lives outside the office or they may try to work around their lives with their families. By splitting women into these three groups, Hakim also pointed out predictors for their employment patterns and they're marital as well as fertility rates. The results of the study she conducted to test her theory supported her ideas and she showed that the majority of women who focused on their work were employed on a full-time basis, had not married and had low rates in terms of fertility (Arndt, 2003). On the other hand, her research also showed that women who were focused on their homes and their families were more likely to be married with more than twice the number of children as compared to women who focused on their work. The numbers for fertility and marriage rates of women who adapted their professional careers to their family situation remained in the middle of work centered and family-centered women. With these ideas, Hakim dismisses years of feminist thought as myths (Jenkins, 2004). This has become the primary reason why Hakim’s Preference Theory has attracted so much attention because it is quite provocative.

Coperate social responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Coperate social responsibility - Essay Example This paper describes almost all the CSR activities of these two companies. Beside that paper also provides a descriptive view of stakeholder models of these two companies. Finally there is a comparative analysis of CSR activities of Microsoft and Tata. This comparison is made on the basis of their operating zone and industry in which they are operating. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been defined in various ways over the time. Most experts believe that the foundation of CSR is good corporate citizenship. It is also believed that CSR is founded on acknowledgement by the organizations that they need to clearly understand and manage the massive influences of business on the society in order to benefiting both society and company as a whole (Marsden and Andriof, 1998). According to McIntosh and Andriof refers to the understanding of the corporate leaders regarding the fact that each and every activity of an organization has flow-on effect on both inside and outside of the company. Company’s activities would have effect on everything starting from customers to communities and environment. Several management writers argue that corporate social responsiveness deal with the capacity of any business organization to respond to various social pressures (Foley, Jayawardhena, October 2001). In this paper CSR would be discussed in the context of two multinational companies, one is from a developed economy and another is from a developing economy. Microsoft is chosen as the representative of developed economies and TATA is chosen as the representative of developing economies. Software giant Microsoft provides software service and creative business solution to its huge customer base. The company was founded in 1975 by Bill gates and Paul Allen. Various products of Microsoft include different versions of windows, MS-DOS, Office XP, .NET, 2007 Office system etc. (AEA Member Directory, n.d.).

Employee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Employee - Essay Example ons and excellent criminal and disciplinary records are likely to respect the policies of our company than those whose records are questionable (Rees and Smith 43). More often than not, these records symbolize a potential employee’s character and ability to meet workplace expectations. For the five employees, we will also look for evidence of leadership ability and good moral and religious background. For example, employees who have held leadership positions in their previous places of work are more likely to understand the demands of confidentiality and high-level professionalism than those who are yet to demonstrate leadership ability. Good moral and religious background is usually indicative of a person’s character and commitment. For example, individuals with a sound religious foundation are more likely to show loyalty and respect confidentiality. Another factor that we will consider when hiring the five employees is age. Experienced employees are more likely to understand and respect requirements for strategic and information confidentiality. Experience also symbolizes professional acuity and flexibility, since older employees have probably encountered similar expectations at their previous places of work (Perkins and Arvinen-Muondo 28). Apart from the curriculum vitae, which is a prerequisite in any recruitment process, we will also require the five job applicants to have social security cards, birth certificates, identification cards, work permit, and academic documentation to verify the information provided in the resume. These documents are mandatory, and all applicants must have them or present them during the interview process. For applicants who are not US citizens, they must present original passports and legible copies of the appropriate pages indicating current immigration status. Applicants who are selected will be required to review and sign the employment contract and terms of conditions before commencing their tenures. Since the five

Police chiefs face Essay Example for Free

Police chiefs face Essay By this point the voice-over repeat of the chorus has finished. The camera begins to pan round then abruptly cuts to a shot of the police chiefs face; then a shot of the word police; and finally a shot of a scene of violence, death and destruction. Soon after the camera continues to pan but this time across a mass of posters on a wall.  During the next section of the film a credits-like theme is used, flashing a freeze frame of a character with a sub-heading of their name underneath. Firstly the Montague parents are shown. The camera freezes and then cuts to the Capulet parents. These are portrayed with more detail for example: a medium close up is used to show their faces which appear very distressed, possibly even scared. This part is made accessible to a modern audience by showing flashing lights. The view will most probably instantly connect this sight with police or even emergency services, both of which were not around in Shakespeares times, making it both an appropriate atmosphere and very modern. This way of introducing characters continues for various other key characters in the film. Accompanying this filming is a very dramatic choral music, awakening the viewer and drawing their mind to the film. The music builds in volume intensity as a similar style of music did earlier in the section, increasing the suspense and anticipation in the film. Seconds later from these credits several small clips are shown from the film. Including the firework display from the banquet scene. Following this yet again the chorus is portrayed but yet again in a different way. This time it is flashed across the scene in words. This reinforces the chorus yet again, similar to that of a film trailer. Whilst providing a brief overview of what will happen but not ruining the story. Then the background music undergoes a Rullentendo, bringing the mood and pace right down. The camera then rapidly zooms towards a cross. Then instantaneously a Romeo and Juliet title appears on screen as if announcing the beginning of the film. In summary the film has been made accessible to a modern audience using items and features we recognise and can relate to, for example; the newsreader; the modern city; helicopters; and so on. Secondly, the use of repetition and the variety of the delivery of the chorus. The use repetition is incredibly effective, as it constantly reminds us exactly what is being said both through auditory and visual effects. The director has effectively used both sound and special visual effects to create effective atmosphere throughout the film. In parallel with camera effects, throughout the film the atmosphere has been made appropriate using five main features. Firstly the consistent atmosphere of: conflicts; violence; and war between the families. Secondly, the effective use of music which is written in a very choral, classical and yet modern style. The way it picks up pace builds tension and excitement until the climax. As mentioned above, the news-style reporter is very familiar to us. Finally, the use of a modern futuristic setting really builds the atmosphere of intrigue. It gives the impression of a Gangland scene between the two families. In my opinion, this section has been made both accessible to a modern audience and used an appropriate atmosphere. Thus Baz Luhrmunn has successfully achieved his aim, to make a Shakespeare play understandable to a younger audience, more modern audience, by bringing the story into a modern and more easily relatable environment.

Uses and Gratification Theory

Uses and Gratification Theory Before undertaking any form of production, or even to monitor the output of media text that has been generated, some sort of audience research has to be undertaken to measure the output of that particular product, for the purpose of this essay, I will be focusing on uses and gratifications, and the availability on the internet and the ability to record programs. Uses and gratifications theory first came to light in the 1940s, with the height of radio broadcasting, but later developed further in the early 70s with Katz, Blumler and Gurentich. The sudden interest came to light with having the first generation to grow up with a wider range of media abundance, the opportunity to have, print, radio and most of all television. The majority of the research that was conducted in the audience research environment was more focused on the effects of media exposure rather than what is done with the media text to the environment it is broadcasted to. Having this open question allowed for researches to have the ability to look in to the way the people deal with this text and what in turn is done with it. the social and origins of needs which generate expectations of mass media or other sources which led to differential patterns of media exposure, resulting in need gratification and other consequences, perhaps mostly unintended ones(Bulmer, j, Katz, E, 1974) Uses and gratification theory was developed to ask how mediated text is used by the consumer, rather than what media dose to the consumer (Katz, E. 1959), the theory asses the users as a active audience member rather than a passive one, this mean that the user will use specific text to gain the valuable knowledge that they are actively seeking from the program or text that they may be consuming for a purpose (Katz, E et al 1974) The approach suggests that people use the media to fulfil specific gratifications. This theory would then imply that the media compete against other information sources for viewers gratification. (Katz, E., et al, 1974) The rise of media available to the general public has become overwhelming, from newspapers to the internet, In turn the audience becomes more dependent on media and the consumption of it, this also means that there is no specific scheduling and timetabling of programs, with the rise of being able to plus or record programs allows the independent user to be able to watch programs that they feel interested in and in turn to use this to generate the gratification method, through the information that they have gathered from the consumption of that text. Blumler and Katz believed that the media text available was used in many different ways, all depending on the individuals preferences to as why they have chosen to openly accept this information that has been generated by the producer, this in short shows that the user has the ability to chose what they want to be exposed to, and in turn this gratify the users need, be it social or informational. (The Uses of mass communication; current perspectives on gratification theory, Katz, E et al 1974) Critics use to refer to the audience as passive, ignoring the fact that they are more able to chose what they what to consume, uses and gratifications sees them more as an individual and able to reject information that they see as not to be necessary to their daily life, knowledge allows the user to be more socially accepted, having information to use in streams at work or social gatherings. The flip side is that, the individual uses the role of media to generate some sort of escapism, to substitute part of time to immerse them selfs in text that may in some ways resemble their lifes, and generates satisfaction to be portrayed in a mass text, this is where the programming timetable that they have made using the plus system comes in to play to create a personal stimulation or enjoyment through the content that has been gathered for entertainment purposes, with the technology that is available in this day and age. (Morley 1992). Either way the information that each individual may receive from the information that they may have seeked out or stumbled upon can be decoded in different ways, this is all down to the way each person interprets that information to meet there needs (Blumler and Katz 1974). The content that is put together by the produce to send out a specific meaning can be decoded in many ways, this is down to many aspects of that person(s) life, it could result in the way they are bought up and the influence that are attachà © to that upbringing, also added to the social class that they are from and the people that they may be associated with, and finally the more wealthier they are can also result in what they may be exposed to and how they take it in, (www.rlwclarke.net). Uses and gratification is a method that allows for a progressive approach in audience research, but with limitations, this area focuses more on the individual, and the way they are affected by the text that they are exposed to, allowing for the individuals point of view, but with the internet and the more use of recorded programming, the over sighting of scheduling has changed, this could mean that the exposure to material is down to the persons preference, and the dismissing of others, i.e. sops because they may feel as though it is a waste of time and references them in no way. With the rise of the internet and the ability to record shows, allows for the user to generate their own gratifications from the chosen exposure of material, allowing the individual to immerse them selfs in the word of their choosing, social escapism is the way that everyone can be in there little cave and gather information that will become useful to their daily lifes, be it for work or social interaction. With the availability of multiple media platforms, allows for the individual to become more dependent on their expose to their specific media preference, this means that the person will become media oriented to be knowledgeable in their social environment, also at the same time dismissing those that do not portray them (Ball-Rokeach, et al 1973) Altered the structural relations among traditional media such as print and broadcast and unites them around the defining technologies of computer and satellite (Carey, 1998) To end it will be easy to say that, every day the choices available seem overwhelming to an individual that, but searching for the information that you may be interested in is not, have the ability to have a internet enabled phone or, a broadband enabled pc, will allow for quick and on the move dosage of knowledge. This builds for a framework to start the daily day of before being socially intractable with the foundations of things to talk about, or with feeds being directed to your mobile then accessing face book to arrange meetings and gathering information of others. For example I like dance music, so I might access the internet to find new information on musicians or DJs, and this will then in turn be repeated in my social group as a conversation started. To match ones wits against others, to get information and advice for daily living, to Provide a framework for ones day, to prepare oneself culturally for the demands of Upward mobility, or to be reassured about the dignity and usefulness of ones role. (Katz, Blumler, Gurevitch, 1974)